A lot of people are under the impression that a vegetarian or vegan diet is somehow lacking in terms of nutrition. While it is true that meats (and sometimes dairy products) are not consumed, this is no obstacle to a nutritious diet that provides your body with everything that it needs – yes, even protein!
The nutrients that are found in meats can also be found in many non-meat and plant-based foods and can often even provide superior nutrition, without any of the disadvantages associated with animal products (e.g. high fat and contamination).
Let’s look at iron, which is commonly associated with red meat. Since vegetarians and vegans do not eat red meat, this mineral must be obtained from other sources. While at first this may be a challenge for vegetarians and vegans, with a little research and planning, it will become easier for you to identify appropriate sources of iron and integrate these into your daily diet. Many leafy green vegetables, for example, such as spinach and collard greens, are rich in iron. Tofu and beans also have a high iron content. You can support your body’s absorption of this type of iron by combining these foods with foods rich in vitamin C (or alternatively, a food form vitamin C supplement).
Next, let’s look at protein, which is primarily associated with meat and other animal products. However, these are not the only “first class” sources of protein. There are several plant-based and vegetable proteins that are complete (contain all essential amino acids), balanced and natural. What’s more, they often have a higher nutrient content and contain more vitamins, minerals, antioxidants and fibre than animal proteins. Great examples of nutritious, high quality plant proteins are hemp, quinoa and wheatgrass – they are also all superfoods.
Whole grains are loaded with beneficial dietary fibre and, providing there are no allergies or intolerances at play, they can be an excellent source of nutrients for vegetarians and vegans. By eating a variety of whole grains, you can help to ensure that you are getting a broad spectrum of nutrients. However, do not confuse whole grains with refined grains. Highly processed, refined grains have the nutrients stripped away when the outer and inner parts of the grain are removed during processing. These do not offer the same amount of nutrients as whole grains.
With the above in mind, getting the required quantities of nutrients can sometimes be problematic. For instance, to get the same amount of protein out of fruits or vegetables, you would need to eat a substantial amount. Not only is this expensive, but it is not always desireable for other reasons. E.g. you might be trying to keep you calorie intake down. A good way around this is to supplement your diet with a vegetarian or vegan-friendly protein powder or meal replacement shake. Organic superfood blends are a great way to inject more nutrients and protein into your vegetarian or vegan diet too! They are quick and easy to prepare and, because they are jam-packed with ingredients, nutrients, vitamins and minerals, they are much better value for money than trying to eat an equivalent amount of produce in whole form.
Even if you eat dairy, we would suggest avoiding dairy products as far as possible. Not only do they tend to be high-fat, but they place a significant strain on the digestive system. This is why our meal replacement powders and protein shakes are dairy free.
Finally, avoid eating highly processed foods, which (although often the most convenient) are loaded with salts and artificial ingredients (like additives and preservatives). Structure your diet around whole foods instead and, where you use health supplements, ensure that they are food form or food state wherever possible. Remember, just because a pre-packaged food says that it is vegetarian or vegan, it does not necessarily mean that it is healthy. It can be loaded with empty calories from fats, with excess sodium and synthetic (and even GM) ingredients. These are food choices that you should avoid.
Eating a well-balance, vegetarian or vegan diet takes knowledge and planning in the early stages, but then things become easier. There is certainly no reason why choosing either of these lifestyles should present an obstacle to achieving optimal nutrition.